Power Transformer Phase 1 (Leader: Hydro-Québec)

The end of a power transformer’s service life is closely linked to the condition of its insulation paper. Traditionally, the concentrations of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and furan compounds (such as 2-furfuraldehyde) have been used as diagnostic indicators. However, these methods have inherent limitations. In recent years, methanol has emerged as an additional ageing marker for assessing insulation paper, attracting considerable industry attention and prompting active research worldwide.

In 2012, IERE launched a multinational Collaborative Research program on transformer insulation paper diagnostics using methanol as a novel ageing marker. Over a thousand transformers were tested across manufacturers and utilities, showing methanol appears earlier than conventional markers, enabling more sensitive fault detection. Ethanol also shows promise for high-temperature faults, while maintenance can “reset” readings, highlighting the need for multiple indicators.

Final Report; Application of Methanol as an Innovative Aging Marker for Transformer Insulating-Paper Diagnosis (January 15, 2017)